529 Plans: Smart parenting and savvy retirement planning

Jul 22, 2024 | Retirement Planning

Your dreams for your children likely include happiness, success, and perhaps the joy of raising a family. Your dreams probably don’t include them struggling in dead-end jobs, mired in debt, or living in your basement well into adulthood. If realized, concerns like these can challenge family dynamics and drain your finances – a significant problem if you’re trying to plan for retirement.

Fortunately, there are proactive steps you can take to help set your children up for success while safeguarding your financial future. One such step is investing in their education through a 529 plan or another type of education-funding account. The most common of these plans is the 529 college savings plan.

What is a 529 College Savings Plan?

A 529 College Savings Plan is a tax-advantaged savings plan allowing you to invest your money specifically for education. Funds in a 529 plan can grow tax-free, potentially allowing you to pay for more education at less cost to you.

You establish an account, choose investment options, and contribute funds that can be used for “qualified higher education expenses,” such as tuition, room and board, books, fees, and computers.

Benefits:

  • Tax Advantages: Earnings aren’t subject to federal tax. In many cases, they’re exempt from state taxes, too. Funds withdrawn solely to pay for eligible college expenses are completely tax-free.

 

  • Control: As the account holder, you maintain control over the funds, helping ensure they are used for their intended purpose.

 

  • Estate Planning: 529 Plans are not counted as part of your estate, so your family won’t owe estate taxes on the account even if you pass away.

 

  • Legacy: By helping fund their education, you’re providing financial support while also emphasizing the importance of education. Seeing that education is important to you can make it important to your children as well.

 

  • Flexibility: There are no age limits. You can invest for both children and adults, so it’s never too late to start saving for education.

 

Investing in education through a 529 plan isn’t just good parenting, it can also be good retirement planning. Depending on your overall financial plan, it can pave the way for your children’s success while helping ensure your financial stability in the years to come. Consult a financial advisor who can help you evaluate a 529 college savings plan as part of your comprehensive financial plan.

Not a Cornerstone Client?

We’d be happy to help tailor a plan that aligns with your goals and ensures your loved ones have the educational opportunities they deserve. Call 605-357-8553 or email cfsteam@mycfsgroup.com to schedule a strategy session today.

Or, if you’d simply like more information about the two types of 529 plans, call 605-357-8553 or email cfsteam@mycfsgroup.com.

Earnings in 529 plans are not subject to federal tax, and in most cases, state tax, so long as you use withdrawals for eligible education expenses, such as tuition and room and board. However, if you withdraw money from a 529 plan and do not use it on an eligible education expense, you generally will be subject to income tax and an additional 10% federal tax penalty on earnings. As with other investments, there are generally fees and expenses associated with participation in a 529 plan. There is also a risk that these plans may lose money or not perform well enough to cover college costs as anticipated. Most states offer their own 529 programs, which may provide advantages and benefits exclusively for their residents. Investors should consider, before investing, whether the investor’s or the designated beneficiary’s home state offers any tax or other benefits that are only available for investment in such state’s 529 college savings plan. Such benefits include financial aid, scholarship funds, and protection from creditors. The tax implications can vary significantly from state to state.

This material is being provided for information purposes only and is not a complete description, nor is it a recommendation.

In Case of Emergency: Organize Your Vital Info

Jul 16, 2024 | Estate Planning, Retirement Planning

Organize your vital personal, health, and financial information in one accessible place to help your loved ones navigate with ease should something happen to you.

Life can be unpredictable, and emergencies can happen when we least expect them. Think about this: if you have a medical emergency, could your loved ones access your phone? If your partner couldn’t talk, do you know their usernames and passwords? Does your family know the names of your doctor and important medical information? Could they easily find your IDs and legal documents?

Make sure your family doesn’t have to wade through piles of paperwork or argue about who will take care of the cat by having vital personal, health and financial information in a centralized and accessible place.  Here are some practical steps you can take:

Personal and Digital Connections

 

Compile a list of your usernames, passwords, and other login details in case someone needs to access your electronic devices or social media accounts. You can keep this information secure by using password management tools or a digital vault.

Create a list of essential personal and professional contacts who should be notified if you have an emergency or are incapacitated, including employers, attorneys, and financial advisors. Help make it easy for your family to reach out to your community of connections if needed.

Do you use an online financial aggregation service or app? A trusted contact will need to know how to access anything that is password protected.

Health and Medical Information

Who will advocate for your health needs during a medical emergency? Having quick access to your health information can be a lifesaver and help remove doubt and stress when handling difficult situations. Create a document with details about your primary healthcare providers, ongoing medical conditions, allergies, and any medications you’re currently taking.

Consider obtaining an advance directive to provide instructions for medical care if you become unable to make decisions. According to the Journal of Preventative Medicine only 26% of Americans have taken this important step.

Legal and Financial Documents

Ensure your important documents such as wills, trusts, advance directives, and power of attorney are in order and make sure a trusted person knows where to find all of this information. If you’re unable to manage your affairs for a period of time, your representative may need proof of ownership documents such as the deed to your house and vehicle titles or contracts such as sale of property.

Not a Cornerstone client?

Will your loved ones have the information they need if something happens to you? Preparing involves organizing your personal, health, and financial information. The Cornerstone Experience® gives our clients access to our professional team and several online tools to help organize personal, health and financial information in a centralized and accessible place.

Contact us today at 605-357-8553 or cfsteam@mycfsgroup.com if you’d like to learn more about the unparalleled service you can expect from the Cornerstone team.

CSP #541388 Exp. 7.10.25

Friendship and Finances

Jul 5, 2024 | Retirement Planning

When making plans with friends:

  • Ask for ideas from everyone in the group to ensure it fits within your friends’ budgets.
  • Give plenty of heads up if there’s a big-ticket event you’d like your crew to take part in.
  • Have an open conversation about finances to remove the taboo and build understanding.

From buying gifts and eating out, to going to weddings and planning vacations, money plays a part in all relationships. And friendships are no exception.

 

Here are some do’s and don’ts for dealing with mixed-income friendships.

Do ask your friends for input. Even if you’re the unofficial events coordinator for your group, ask everyone for ideas so nobody feels backed into a corner. You can ask questions like, “How much is OK to spend on gifts?” and What do you suggest we do for our get-together.” It will be more inclusive for everyone to suggest activities that align with their budget.

 

Do extend the invite. Always ask, even if you’re pretty sure something is out of your friend’s price range.

 

Don’t make assumptions. You can’t assume anyone’s budget and financial situation.

 

Do give plenty of notice. If you’re planning something give your friends advance notice so they can budget for it. A longer lead time gives them the chance to save up for that fancy birthday dinner or night at the theater if they want to join you. Last-minute plans might not be possible if they’re working on a tight budget.

 

Don’t be upset if they take a pass. Understand that not only do your friends’ finances differ, but so do their priorities. Even if you’ve given plenty of notice, a weekend wine tasting trip with girlfriends might not be as important as visiting family for the holidays. While you might be well-positioned to do both, you shouldn’t assume that your friend is.

 

Do offer to pay if it’s in your budget and having their company is worth it to you. That doesn’t have to mean you’ll cover the cost of their flight. But, consider offering to pay for cocktails one night while you’re away or covering the cost of a rental car in your destination city. Be open about your feelings and understand if they politely decline. Which leads to the next tip…

 

Don’t be afraid to have an honest conversation. I’m not suggesting you swap bank statements. Just don’t be afraid to say if something is out of your budget or if you’re prioritizing a different expense. With communication and understanding you can make money less of a taboo topic with friends and have a better chance of making memories that fit into everyone’s budget.

 

Keeping these do’s and don’ts in mind when it comes to finances will open communication, strengthen friendships, and provide opportunities to create lasting memories.

Sources: theeverygirl.com; huffpost.com; tampabay.com, morningbrew.com, Raymond James. 10.27.22 29508

5 Steps to Determine How Much Income You’ll Need in Retirement

Mar 5, 2024 | Retirement Planning

5 Steps to Estimate Retirement Income Needs

USE YOUR CURRENT INCOME AS A STARTING POINT

It’s common to discuss desired annual retirement income as a percentage of your current income. Depending on who you’re talking to, that percentage could be anywhere from 60% to 90%, or even more. The appeal of this approach is its simplicity. It seems fairly common-sense – Your current income sustains your present lifestyle, so taking that income and reducing it by a specific percentage to reflect the fact that there will be certain expenses you’ll no longer be liable for (e.g., payroll taxes) will, theoretically, allow you to sustain your current lifestyle.

The problem? It doesn’t account for your specific situation. For example, if you want to travel extensively in retirement you might easily need 100% (or more) of your current income to get by. It’s fine to use a percentage of your current income as a benchmark, but it’s worth going through all of your current expenses in detail, and really thinking about how those expenses will change over time as you transition into retirement.

PROJECT YOUR RETIREMENT EXPENSES

Your annual income during retirement should be enough (or more than enough) to meet your retirement expenses. That’s why estimating those expenses is a big piece of the retirement planning puzzle. But you may have a hard time identifying all of your expenses and projecting how much you’ll be spending in each area, especially if retirement is still far off. To help you get started, here are some common retirement expenses:

    • Food and clothing
    • Housing: Rent or mortgage payments, property taxes, homeowners insurance, property upkeep and repairs
    • Utilities: Gas, electric, water, telephone, cable TV
    • Transportation: Car payments, auto insurance, gas, maintenance and repairs, public transportation
    • Insurance: Medical, dental, life, disability, long-term care
    • Health-care costs not covered by insurance: Deductibles, co-payments, prescription drugs
    • Taxes: Federal and state income tax, capital gains tax
    • Debts: Personal loans, business loans, credit card payments
    • Education: Children’s or grandchildren’s college expenses
    • Gifts: Charitable and personal
    • Savings and investments: Contributions to IRAs, annuities, and other investment accounts
    • Recreation: Travel, dining out, hobbies, leisure activities
    • Care for yourself, your parents, or others: Costs for a nursing home, home health aide, or other type of assisted living
    • Miscellaneous: Personal grooming, pets, club memberships

Don’t forget that the cost of living will go up over time, and keep in mind that your retirement expenses may change from year to year. For example, you may pay off your home mortgage or your children’s education early in retirement. Other expenses, such as health care and insurance, may increase as you age. To protect against these variables, build a comfortable cushion into your estimates (it’s always best to be conservative). Finally, have a financial professional help you with your estimates to make sure they’re as accurate and realistic as possible.

DECIDE WHEN YOU’LL RETIRE

To determine your total retirement needs, you can’t just estimate how much annual income you need. You also have to estimate how long you’ll be retired. Why? The longer your retirement, the more years of income you’ll need to fund it. The length of your retirement will depend partly on when you plan to retire. This important decision typically revolves around your personal goals and financial situation. For example, you may see yourself retiring at 50 to get the most out of your retirement. Maybe a booming stock market or a generous early retirement package will make that possible. Although it’s great to have the flexibility to choose when you’ll retire, it’s important to remember that retiring at 50 will end up costing you a lot more than retiring at 65.

ESTIMATE YOUR LIFE EXPECTANCY

The age at which you retire isn’t the only factor that determines how long you’ll be retired. The other important factor is your lifespan. We all hope to live to an old age, but a longer life means that you’ll have even more years of retirement to fund. You may even run the risk of outliving your savings and other income sources. To guard against that risk, you’ll need to estimate your life expectancy. You can use government statistics, life insurance tables, or a life expectancy calculator to get a reasonable estimate of how long you’ll live. Experts base these estimates on your age, gender, race, health, lifestyle, occupation, and family history. But remember, these are just estimates. There’s no way to predict how long you’ll actually live, but with life expectancies on the rise, it’s probably best to assume you’ll live longer than you expect.

IDENTIFY YOUR SOURCES OF RETIREMENT INCOME

Once you have an idea of your retirement income needs, your next step is to assess how prepared you are to meet those needs. In other words, what sources of retirement income will be available to you? Your employer may offer a traditional pension that will pay you monthly benefits. In addition, you can likely count on Social Security to provide a portion of your retirement income. To get an estimate of your Social Security benefits, visit the Social Security Administration website (www.ssa.gov). Additional sources of retirement income may include a 401(k) or other retirement plan, IRAs, annuities, and other investments. The amount of income you receive from those sources will depend on the amount you invest, the rate of investment return, and other factors. Finally, if you plan to work during retirement, your job earnings will be another source of income.

NOT A CORNERSTONE CLIENT?

If you have questions about your financial plan please contact us today to schedule a complimentary, no obligation review with one of our advisors. Call 605.357.8553 or email cfsteam@mycfsgroup.com.

M22-12417 Exp 2025.09.27. This information is not intended to be a substitute for specific individualized tax, legal, estate, or investment planning advice as individual situations will vary. Please discuss these matters with the appropriate professional.

Backdoor Roth IRA Baggage

Feb 16, 2024 | Retirement Planning

Cornerstone is pleased to bring you this article by Ed Slott and Company, LLC. As a member of Ed Slott’s Elite IRA Advisor Group™ Gordon keeps Cornerstone professionals on the cutting-edge of retirement, tax law, and IRA distribution planning through continuous training with Ed Slott and his team of IRA Experts.

Membership includes immediate notification of changes to the tax code and updates on retirement planning, and 24/7 access to Ed Slott and Company, LLC to confer with on complex cases. Just one of the tools in the Cornerstone arsenal that helps you avoid unnecessary taxes and fees on your retirement dollars! As always, give us a call if you’d like to discuss!

BACKDOOR ROTH IRA BAGGAGE

A Backdoor Roth IRA strategy is when high-income earners – those over the Roth IRA income threshold ($230,000 – $240,000 for those married filing joint in 2024; $146,000 – $161,000 for single filers) – can make non-deductible contributions to a traditional IRA and then convert the traditional IRA to a Roth, thereby circumventing the income limitations. (We can expel the notion that this is a step transaction or that a Backdoor Roth IRA is on the precipice of illegality. In 2018, a tax law specialist with the IRS Tax-Exempt and Government Entities Division stated that Backdoor Roth IRAs will not be challenged by the IRS.)

You may have heard, “If your income is too high for a direct Roth IRA contribution, just do a Backdoor Roth.”

 

Easy-peasy, right? Maybe not. 

 

Backdoor Roth IRA baggage

A Backdoor Roth IRA transaction can carry a lot of “Backdoor baggage,” including:

1. The Pro-Rata Rule – No Cherry Picking. The pro-rata rule dictates that when an IRA contains both nondeductible (after-tax) and deductible (pre-tax) funds, each dollar withdrawn (or converted) from the IRA must contain a percentage of tax-free and taxable funds. This ratio is based on the percentage of after-tax dollars in all of a person’s traditional IRAs, SEP and SIMPLE plans. You can’t target just the after-tax IRA dollars and only convert those. Additionally, once you have after-tax dollars (basis) in your IRA, getting it cleaned out could require some heavy lifting. For example, the entire account could be converted, but that might be a tax hill too steep to climb. Or, the pre-tax dollars could be segregated by rolling them into a 401(k). But this assumes access to a 401(k) that allows a rollover into the plan.

2. Multiple Tax Forms.Every Backdoor Roth transaction creates three or four tax forms. When a non-deductible contribution is made to an IRA, you must declare that there are after-tax dollars in the account. This is done on IRS Form 8606. Failure to file Form 8606 could result in double taxation. When dollars leave a traditional IRA via conversion, a 1099-R is generated the following year. Form 5498 is also created the next year to document the conversion. And when tax time comes around, the same Form 8606 is used to document the pro-rata math and how much of the conversion is taxable.

3. Crossing Tax Years. What if you make a prior-year (2023) non-deductible IRA contribution in January 2024, but then immediately convert? That will require a Form 8606 for the 2023 tax return to claim the basis. The conversion will generate a 1099-R and 5498 (issued in 2025) for the 2024 tax return, and a second Form 8606 must be filed with the 2024 return documenting the pro-rata math. Four forms. (Yes, good tax software can certainly help.)

Be aware that, until the after-tax dollars are cleared out of a traditional IRA, it’s your (the taxpayer’s) responsibility to track the basis. And, if you’re a high earner who continues to make (and convert) non-deductible contributions each year, the annual baggage of a Backdoor Roth IRA can pile up and follow you like an overloaded luggage cart with a wobbly wheel.

By Andy Ives, CFP®
IRA Analyst, Ed Slott, LLC

This information, developed by an independent third party, has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but Raymond James Financial Services, Inc. does not guarantee that the foregoing material is accurate or complete. Changes in tax laws or regulations may occur at any time and could substantially impact your situation. Raymond James and its advisors do not offer tax or legal advice. You should discuss any tax or legal matters with the appropriate professional.

Copyright ©2024, Ed Slott and Company, LLC Reprinted from The Slott Report, January 31, 2024 with permission. https://www.irahelp.com/slottreport/how-do-youreport-2023-roth-ira-contributions-your-tax-return-answer-may-surprise-you-0. Ed Slott and Company, LLC takes no responsibility for the current accuracy of this article.

Raymond James is not affiliated and does not endorse Ed Slott and Company, LLC, The Slott Report, or Andy Ives.

Unless certain criteria are met, Roth IRA owners must be 59½ or older and have held the IRA for five years before tax-free withdrawals are permitted. Additionally, each converted amount may be subject to its own five-year holding period. Converting a traditional IRA into a Roth IRA has tax implications. Investors should consult a tax advisor before deciding to do a conversion.

CSP #Insights Newsletter 415437, Insights Newsletter Issue 2 Feb 2024, Exp. 4.2.25

Why Working With a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ Professional is Important

Jan 19, 2024 | Retirement Planning

WHY WORKING WITH A CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ PROFESSIONAL IS IMPORTANT

What is the difference between a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ (OR CFP®) professional and a financial advisor?

A CFP® professional is one of many types of financial advisors. A financial advisor must earn the right to call themselves a CFP® professional

Most people think all financial planners are “certified,” but the fact is: anyone who is licensed to sell these products and give advice can use the title “financial planner.” Upon learning this, I found myself feeling disheartened – especially since I am studying to earn the CFP® designation so that I can better serve you.

A CFP® professional holds an expertise in financial and investment planning and earned their marks from the Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc.

Working alongside my fellow financial advisors, Gordon and Jill, I’ve seen how the CFP® designation sets them apart from other financial advisors in areas such as educational background, proven qualifying experience, and commitment to ethical standards. Being able to serve our clients in that way helped drive me to complete the requirements, coursework, and testing to earn my CFP® designation in 2024.

Are you working with a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional, or looking to work with one? Here’s what you should know:

    • What is the difference between a CFP® professional and a financial advisor?
    • What percentage of financial advisors are CFP® professionals?
    • Is my financial advisor a CFP® professional?
    • How does a financial advisor become a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER® professional?
    • What is the CFP Board’s financial planning process?
    • Is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER® a fiduciary?
    • How can I learn more about the CFP® certification?

What is the difference between a CFP® professional and a financial advisor?

A CFP® professional is one of many types of financial advisors. A financial advisor must earn the right to call themselves a CFP® professional.

Here are a few considerations to why one might consider working with a CFP® professional.

Credentials

A financial advisor that earns the rights to use the CFP® marks shows an expertise towards financial planning, a level of professionalism, and distinguishes themselves for their clients. If working with a financial advisor with additional training in retirement planning is important to you, you may want to consider speaking with a CFP® professional.

Education

A CFP® professional is required to show a commitment towards continuing education. There is no requirement for a financial advisor to earn a college degree or receive advanced financial planning education, although all individuals licensed to sell securities or give advice must complete yearly continuing education as required by regulators and their firms. If working with a financial advisor dedicated to ongoing education is important to you, you may want to consider speaking with a CFP® professional.

Experience

While there are many financial advisors with years of experience, a financial advisor must accumulate approximately three years of work experience before using the CFP® marks.

Ethics

All financial advisors must adhere to a higher ethical standard and serve clients as a fiduciary throughout the advisory engagement. CFP Board’s Code of Ethics and Standards of Conduct reflects the commitment that all CFP® professionals make to high standards of competency and ethics. A copy can e found here: https://www.cfp.net/ethics/code-of-ethics-and-standards-of-conduct.

How can I learn more about the CFP® certification?

“CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ certification is the standard of excellence in financial planning. CFP® professionals meet rigorous education, training, and ethical standards, and are committed to serving their clients’ best interests today to prepare them for a more secure tomorrow.”

– The Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc.

What percentage of financial advisors are CFP® professionals?

About 29% of financial advisors in the United States are CFP® professionals.

    • There are approximately 612,457 registered representatives eligible to sell securities in the United States, according to FINRA. ¹
    • There are 95,137 CFP® professionals in the United States according to the Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc. ²

Is my financial advisor a CFP® professional?

You can determine if your financial advisor is a CFP® professional by going to the CFP Board’s verification page.

The wealth advisors at Cornerstone Financial have committed to hold the CFP® designation or be working to complete the rigorous certification process. The CFP® designation is considered the standard of excellence in financial planning. Gordon earned his CFP® in 2000, Jill earned her certification 2016, and Andrew earned the designation in 2024.

How does a financial advisor become a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional?

According to the CFP Board, it typically takes 18-24 months to become a CFP® professional. To become a CFP® professional, a financial advisor must meet requirements for education, exam, experience, and ethics.

Education: To satisfy the education requirement, a candidate must first earn a bachelor’s degree from an accredited college or university.

Then, a candidate must complete a CFP board education program consisting of classes focused on financial planning process, insurance, investment planning, income tax planning, retirement planning and employee benefits, estate planning, and financial plan development. Certain individuals may qualify for an accelerated education path.

Exam: To satisfy the exam requirement, a candidate must pass the CFP® exam consisting of a six-hour multiple choice exam.

Experience: A candidate must accumulate 6,000 hours of professional experience related to financial planning.

Ethics: A candidate must adhere to the high ethical and professional standards for the practice of financial planning found in the CFP Board’s Code of Ethics and Standards of Conduct. A Copy can be found here: https://www.cfp.net/ethics/code-of-ethics-and-standards-of-conduct.

What is the CFP Board’s financial planning process?

A CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional must follow the CFP Board’s seven-step financial planning process.

  1. Understanding the Client’s Personal and Financial Circumstances
  2. Identifying and Selecting Goals
  3. Analyzing the Client’s Current Course of Action and Potential Alternative Courses of Action
  4. Developing the Financial Planning Recommendation(s)
  5. Presenting the Financial Planning Recommendation(s)
  6. Implementing the Financial Planning Recommendation(s)
  7. Monitoring Progress and Updating

 ¹ FINRA Statistics as of 12/31/2021
² CFP Board Professional Demographics as of 01/01/2023
Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc. Code of Ethics

 

Helping you build a financial plan to achieve what’s truly possible is what we do. Empowering you to pursue greater dreams is who we are. I’d love to visit with you about your dreams. Feel free to contact our office at 605-357-8553 or email me at cfsteam@mycfsgroup.com.

Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Inc. owns the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™, CFP® (with plaque design) and CFP® (with flame design) in the U.S., which it awards to individuals who successfully complete CFP Board’s initial and ongoing certification requirements.

The foregoing information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete, it is not a statement of all available data necessary for making an investment decision, and it does not constitute a recommendation. Any opinions are those of Andrew Ulvestad and not necessarily those of Raymond James.

CSP #388978 Exp. 1.17.25

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